Function of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. 02,03,04,05,06.

mitochondria

Function of mitochondria:

• Formation of ATP which is the chief source of energy in the cells. For this mitochondria are called powerhouse of the cell

• Mitochondria contain enzymes involved in

         

o       Krebs’s cycle.--B-oxidation of fatty acid.

o       Oxidative phosphorylation

o       Electron transport system for respiration.

• Mitochondria complete cell respiration by aerobic pathway and yield high energy through the formation ATP.

• Mitochondria contain DNA and hence these are involved in the synthesis of RNA and protein.

Function of endoplasmic reticulum:

 Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):

•  Helps in synthesis of proteins and their store for export and intracellular use.
• The initial glycosylation of glycoprotein’s
  The synthesis of phospholipids.
• The assembly of multichain proteins.
• Certain post-transalation modification of newly formed polypeptides.

endoplasmic reticulum

 

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum:

• Synthesis of steroids
• Oxidation, conjugation and methylation process in the liver to degrade certain hormones and neutralize noxious substance such as alcohol and barbiturates.
• Participation in the contractions process in muscle cells.